A herbaceous perennial, growing to 2.3 m (7 ft.), it has a thick, fleshy taproot, finely divided, feathery leaves and yellow flower umbels in summer and looks like giant fennel.
History and traditions
The specific name refers to the strong, fetid smell of the gum resin obtained from the roots of this plant. It was valued throughout the Middle Ages as a prophylactic against plague and disease, and a piece was sometimes hung around the neck for this purpose. Asafoetida is still popular in India today as a flavoring and condiment and for its medicinal properties.
Growth
It is frost-hardy, withstanding temperatures to -5°C (23°F) and should be grown in well-drained, reasonably rich soil. Propagated by seed sown in autumn as soon as it is ripe.
Parts used
Gum resin produced from the base of the stems and root crown when the plant is cut down, drying as reddish tears. Sold whole, in powdered form, or as a tincture.
Uses
Medicinal
It has a long tradition of use in Ayurvedic medicine for many complaints, including digestive disorders, respiratory diseases, impotence, painful menstruation, and problems following childbirth, and is said to counteract the effects of opium.
Culinary
Despite its strong, sulphurous aroma, when added in small quantities, this herb enhances the flavor of curries and spicy food. The green parts are used as a vegetable.
