A low-growing, short-lived perennial, 5-10 cm (2-4 in) high, with a deep tap root, it has basal rosettes of spiny leaves and large stem less flowers with silvery-white bracts surrounding a brown disc-shaped center.
History and traditions
In medieval times this thistle was thought to be an antidote to poison and the root was sometimes chewed to relieve toothache. It is said to be named after the Emperor Charlemagne following a dream that it would cure the plague.
Growth
It grows best in a poor, dry soil. If kept too wet it will rot, and if the soil is too rich it becomes lax, overgrown and loses its neat, stem less habit. Propagated from seed sown in autumn and overwintered in a cold frame.
Uses
Medicinal
It has antibacterial and diuretic properties. A decoction of the roots is used externally as a gargle for sore throats, for skin complaints and to clean wounds. It is taken internally for urine retention.
Culinary
Claims have been made for the flower centers as substitute artichoke hearts.
