It is a hardy perennial, about 30-60 cm (1-2 ft.) in height, the stems are erect, woody at the base, with small linear-oval leaves, dotted with glands, which can be seen as little pinpricks when held up to the light. The flowers have five petals, edged with glands.
History and traditions
This is an herb that has attracted a wealth of folklore over the centuries and been ascribed many magical and mystical properties. It is named after St John the Baptist, the red pigment, hype ricin, which exudes from the crushed flowers signifying his blood. It is in full flower on St John’s Day, 24 June, which also coincides with northern hemisphere midsummer rituals, and it was ascribed the power to drive away ghosts and witches and protect from thunderbolts and lightning. Many superstitions surrounded it, including gathering it on St John’s Eve with the dew still on it in order to find a husband, or as a childless wife, gathering it naked to ensure a speedy conception. Despite all this, it has been discovered recently to be an effective antidepressant, without the side effects of conventional drugs. In Germany it has a medical license and has been widely prescribed for depressive states, outselling Prozac eight times over. But as with many beneficial plants, there are contra-indications which should be taken into account.
Growth
Grow in well-drained, dryish soil in full sun or partial shade. Propagation by division is the easiest method; it can also be grown from seed sown in spring or autumn, and spreads rapidly once established. Parts used Flowering tops fresh or dried for use in infusions, creams, oils, and as liquid extracts for use in pharmaceutical preparations.
Uses
Medicinal
It is said to have calming properties. Infusions are taken for anxiety and nervous tension. It also has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties and promotes healing; creams and infused oils are applied to burns, muscular pain, neuralgia and sciatica. Prescribed in Germany as an antidepressant (Jarsin), a lower-dose product is available in Britain (Kira).
