A hardy biennial, growing on a strong taproot, the spiny, toothed, dark-green leaves have a striking cobweb-effect pattern of white veins, with purple thistle-head flowers rising on long stems to 1.5 m (5 ft.).
History and traditions
This is thought to be the thistle that is the national emblem of Scotland, dating from the time of James Ill of Scotland (d. 1488). It is also the emblem of the ancient, knightly Order of the Thistle, inaugurated by James V of Scotland, 1513-1542. Some bizarre claims were made for the properties of this plant. Pliny recommended it for baldness and Discords as “a remedy for those that have their bodies drawn backwards”.
Growth
Grows in most conditions, but flourishes in reasonably fertile, well-drained soil and a sunny position. Propagated by seed sown in autumn or spring.
Parts used
Leaves, stems, flowers.
Uses
Medicinal
Scotch thistle is rarely used medicinally currently.
Culinary
The whole plant is edible if not very palatable. Young stems can be boiled as a vegetable; flower receptacles are said to be substitutes for artichoke hearts.
Horticultural
It is widely grown as a herb garden ornamental.
